Cement-burning apparatus.



C. ELLIS. CEMENT BURNING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1912.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

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U NITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

cAnnEroN ELLIS, or MoN'roLAIR, NEW JERSEY.'

CEMENT-BURNING APPARATUS.

Specicajtion of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARLETON ELLIS, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Montclair, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have made certain new and useful Inventions Relating to Cement-Burning Apparatus, o-f which the followin is a specification, taken in connection wit the accom- `panying drawing, which forms ypart of the same.

'This invention relates vespecially to apparatus lfor burning Portland cement or other material by first calcining the fine raw material and balling it up into the form of suitable granules and then clinkeringor superheating this granulated material by means of heat developed by the so-called .n surface combustion of an explosive gaseous mixture. y

A full understandingof the invention can best be given by a detailed description of a complete apparatus embodying the various features of the invention in a preferred form,n and such a description will now be given in connection with the accompanying' raw Portland cement mixture 40 or other suitable material is gradually fed down through the kiln. The kiln may be heated in 'any desirable. way, as for instance, by a suitable burner tube coperating with the kiln hood 39 of ordinary construction and this burner tube, such as 7, may supply producer gas to the kiln to form a Hame therein by connecting the burner tube with a suitable producer 24 and. pipe 25 in which-the fan or-blower 41 may be located. The burner casing 6 may be located in connection with the burner tube 7 as by concentrically surrounding the same and 'may supply an annular envelop of air around t e -fuel gas stream by connecting the burner casing with a suitable air fan 42. In this way a substantially centralized-luminous flame of producer gas Ywhich may be carbureted to the desired extent if preferredI extends a considerable distance up the kiln'and serves to gradually heat and calcine the `fine raw material 40 so as to effect its aggregation or balling up into the form of coherent balls or granules 5 which are fed down through the lower end of the kiln as diagrammatically indicated. A

The discharge end of the kiln or preliminary heating furnace may coperate in any desired way' 'with a suitable clinkering or superheating furnace of the surface com- Patented Nov. 3, 1914. Appncation mea January 25, 1912. serial Nb. 673,417.

bustion type. For instance, the clinkering furnace 44 may be directly connected with the kiln hood through the substantially vertical feed chute 45, this superheating furnace preferably having a downwardly Haring body 46 to promote the feed of the granular material therethrough and minimize cloging. Any desired lnumber of suitable injecting passages 9, 10, 11, 1'2 may communicate with this furnace body at various parts i of the same, the various passages in each tier being preferably laterally displaced as shown in Fig. 2 to promote equali'zed heating of the material. Any suitable ex losive gaseous mixture. may be injected t`rou h one or more such injecting assages into; t 'e hot ranular material within the superheat` ing urnace so as to elfect'the highly accelerated surface combustion of the explosive gases Within the granular material. The combustible gas for such work may be conveniently supplied from one or more producers 24 to the connected pipe 23 which may have the regulating valve 22, the connected. gas blower' 21 serving to force this combustible' gas through the gas supply p1pe 20 in amounts desired. The blowers 21 and 41 may be of special type provided with large clearance and explosion doors or if de sired the gas pressure can be secured b v blowers beyond the producer operatin 4it at -the desiredl high' pressure which ma es it unnecessary to ass the hot producer gas through any lowing device.' ySuitable valves 19 serve to control the supply of this combustible gas to the injecting passages 10, 11 and similar regulating va ves 17 in the branch 18 of this gas supply control in a similar way the gas supplied to the injecting passages 9, 12.

The requlsite amount of air for incorporation with .the 'combustible gas to form the desired explosive gaseous mixture preferably lcontaining a slight excess of' air beyond that required for the* complete combustion of the combustible gas for hi h temperature work, may be supplied throug the a1r pump or blower 31 communicating with .the air 5 supply pipe 30 so as to supply through the pipev 15, for instance, the requisite amount of ail; as`A letermin edi by the air valve 16 to mix with the gas for the injecting passage 12 and form the desired explosive gaseous mixture injectedtherethrough A. similar air pipe 4'1 3 and 'val-ve.' 14 control the'supply 'to the injecting passage 9, andthe air main 8 and valve-28regulate the amount of air supplied'thro'ugh the pipe 29 to mix with the gas for the injectingv passage 10, the valve 26 inthe pipe 27 havinga similar functionin connection with the injecting passage' 11. In this way the desired number of jets' combustion gases pass up through the granu-vl lar material'in the superheatmg furnace so pass lintmtliepreliminary treating furnace to'supplyl some additional'heat to the material therein.A Portland cement may be A effe(":ti'vely burned in this way since producer' gas' givesunderordinary rotary kiln conditibns` ample. vheat for the substantially complete calcination of the; Portland cement 'material which can thus be supplied to the clinkering furnace inthe form of granules or ballsian or so in diameterl after sub'- '45 'stantially allor a large part of the carbondiofxfid has been driven' oil". The clinkerin onf 's`e`mi'vit1 'ification of the cement materia caa'ftha lu, effected `wat me expenditure "ofdcimparatively llittle heat ener if -the i0 hotfbnrentfmaterial can beraise to the highL clinkeing temperature. TheV high temperature requiredfr linkeri'n n con.'fenientlyandv efficiently 'secured b 'the "1" :surface cemb'u Hion f. any suitable exp osive gases-1 witliv'in""'the granular cement' material itself 'asnto"4 'flip to the' clinkerili i temperaturex'incklyf economically afn "effect 'the `cl` ering or s'emivitrificat ion/ of e `the completel'yc lcmedilimasilica and other 60 compgne'tgf'hch'"reaction'seems' to ber of4 exthermic' :cha'rlcterf-4 'The highly aci 'erated character of the surface combus# tionjcbtanable makes it ossible to secure in thisvvay,l the desired clin ering temperature z teven the relatively l'ew calorific incan be'.

tensity of ordinary producer gas, although of course 'carbureted producer gas or other combustible -gas or vapor may be used in the superheating furnace. .The body or passage 46 of the clinkering furnace is preferably downwardly Haring in each direction f so as to minimize clogging or sticking of the clinkered igranules of Portland cement or other'material and if desired one-or more poke holes, such as 35, may be provided and normally covered with suitable doors, such as 37, so as to allow bars or other instruments to loosen ,any masses of material from the furnace lbedy arid promote the feedof material therethrough. The .superheating furnace is preferably 'connectedfwith a suitable 'discharge chute which may communicate with a substantially closed receiver or chamber 43 from which the material may be removed in any desired' way asby` the conveyer 38 of any description. Air may of course be admitted tothe' receiver at various points as through the conveyer opening therein andthis 'air may be withdrawn from the receiver bythe' air blower 31 and lts connected pi e 32 which,v inthis way allows the air to ge preheated to the desired extent by passage through the hot ties of outside air may if desired be admitted to the. air blower through the admission e 34 1n which the control Valve 33 may be y I located. as' 'to heat the sa'me before these hot` gases The'iine rawimaterial ,is preferably fed substantially uniformly to the preliminary or calcining furnace and the rotation of this furnace Mserves to. feed the material there through in apracticallyA uniform manner and 'to constant y discharge the granules of calcined or otherwisetreatedv material from the lower end 'ofthe furnace` intofthe feedl chute 45 of the clinkering or superheating furnace 44. 'I he granular material may be gradually fed down through thisisuperheati'ngfurnace inthe form of a traveling stream by removing'the completely treated.- material Amaterial in the receiver. Additionalquantifromhthe receiver 43 -in asubstantially uni# manner so as to allow the gradual feedy of material" through the. discharge* or receiver chute 36 andthe connectedl flaring furnace body 46. As the. treated-granular "material may -be discharged from Ythe re-v llminaryfurnaceat a high red heat the injectionlo'f the explosive gaseous mixtures into l the:I same-from' the injectingpassages is sufficit to at once initiate surface combustio'n of the gaseous material therein-and the feedo'f the material through this superheat-' .ing 'furn ',ceisbfi course regulated so as to secure e e treatment ofthe material withln or adjacent f desired high temperature and thez'injeeting'passages.- In' the treatment of other finemateriah such.;` for example, fine ironici-e, blast furnace flue dust or blue billy the fine material fed into the rotary kiln is calcined and desulfurized to the desired extent in the oxidizing atmosphere and in the hot zone of the kiln is sufficiently balled up to form granules which are supplied to the superheating furnace, a suitable small proportion of flux being if desired incorporated with the fine ore fed to the rotary kiln. In the superheating furnace the surface combustion of the explosive gases preferably of a s uitable reducing characterserves to consolldate the granules so as to make them suitable for blast furnace work, and if de sired a considerable reducing action may occur 1n thls `furnace resulting in the production of a corresponding proportion ofprevented.

Having desc'bed this .invention in connection with an illustrativeembodiment, to the details of which disclosure the invention is not of course to be limitedfwhat is claimed as new and what is desired to besecured by Letters Patent is vset forth in the appended claims.-

1. In apparatus for burning Portland'cement, a rotary calcining kiln, burner devices comprising a burner tube connected with a gas producer to produce a heating ame in said kiln and calcine and ball up the fine Portland cement material fed thereto,'a substantially vertical clinkering furnace receiving the hot granular calcined cement material from said'kiln, said furnace having a flaring body provided with a plurality of tiers of spaced injecting passages, a receiver chute and receiver connected with said clinkerlng furnace to receive the.granular clinkered material therefrom, there being a poke hole in said clinkering furnace or connections'l to promote regularity vof feed therethrough, means to take from said receiver air heated by contact with the hot lmaterial therein and to force said air into said injecting passages, mansto take combustible gas from said producer and force the same through said injecting passagesl after forming an explosive gaseous mixture with the air supplied thereto to effect the accelerated surface combustion of said explosive gaseous mixture within the hot granular material fed through vsaid clinkering furnace to clinker said material.

2. In apparatus for burning Portland'cement, a rotary calcining kiln, burner devlces to produce a heating flame in said kiln and calcine and ball up the fine Portlandy cement material fed thereto,` a clinkering furnace receiving the hot granular calcined cement material from said kiln, said furnace having a flaring body provided with spaced injecting pass-ages,` a receiver chutev and receiver connected with said clinkering furnace to receive the granular clinkered material therefrom, there being a poke hole in said clinkering-furnace or connections to promote regularity of feed therethrough, meansk to force air into said injecting passages, means to take combustible ygas from a gas producer and force the same through said injecting passages after forming an explosive gaseous mixture with the air supp ied thereto to effect the accelerated surface combustion of said explosive gaseous mixture within the hot granular material fed through said clinkering furnace to clinker said material.

3. In apparatus for burnin Portland 'cement, a'rotary calcining kiln, urner devices to produce a heating flame in said Akiln and calcine andball up the line Portland cement material fed thereto, a' clinkering furnace receiving the hot granular calcined cement material'from said kiln, said furnace having a flaring body provided with spaced injecting passages, means to force air into said injecting passages, means' to take combustible gasand force the same through said injecting passages after' forming an explosive gaseous mixture with the air supplied thereto to effect the accelerated surface combastion of said explosive gaseous mixture Within the hot granular material `fed through said clinkering furnace to clinker said material. v

v4. In apparatus for burning cement, a calciningv kiln, devices `to calcine and ball up the fine cement material fed thereto, a clinkering furnace receiving the hot ranu-` lar calcined cement material from sai kiln,

said furnace being provided with a lurality ,sagesand form an explosive gaseous mixture with the air supplied thereto to effect the accelerated surface combustion of said explosive gaseous mixture within the hot granular material fed through said clinkermg furnace to clinker said material.

5.' In apparatus for burning cement or 115 other material, a preliminarl furnacepneans to 4heat said preliminary urnace by producer. gas, means to feed fine material through said preliminary furnace to heat and ball up the same, a substantially 'ver- 120 tical superheating furnace to receive the granular hot material from said preliminary furnace, said superheating furnace having a downwardly fiaring body provided with a/ series of spaced injecting passages and means to form an explosive mixture of combustible' producer gas and air and inject the same at lspeeds greater than the normal speed of backiring through said injecting passages to effect surface combustion within thehot granular materialin said supelheaw.

-mg furnace telsllperheat said'materiaL l A v 6L In `zunparatu,si#for burning I@lement or other material, a .prellllnary furnace, means 5` to` heat said .preliminary vurnace, lmeans tA feed line material thrQughA-sad preliminary furnace tg heat and upthe same, a. su.

Per-heating furnace 150.,.1eelvethe granular hot-material from saidf'perliminary furnace,

. saidzsuperheating. furnace having'.I a clownwardly Haring bodyn proxfided'With` arsel'ies oli injecting passage and meansfto form an explosive mixture Qi combustiblelgazs. air andy inject the same -thrgughsaid' in? 'jectng `paesages to effect .surface combuetinn within the hot granular material-in said su;

' .perheating .furnace to superheat said material. v- A 7. I n apparatus for burning cement :or

"Stautially flawless Surf-.ace 091mbustiou'there` jof thlw granular material 111 Sld vvstantially amical 'awakening-fuma@ to vother material,v a preliminary furnace, means reliminary time@ Sipliminmy mee, said; sup'elrlaeatlang-l flll'nee hwihgffa downwardly flaring body means, tQ. orm. van'41 explosive mixture of- Combuatible gas and ail: and to, effect tub-t sgpjgy; eating urnace. to superheat si ma: 'teriaL Y ,g1-8. apparatus "fgnburning cement or' 'other material, a preliminary urne, means: heat preliminary furnaxzenmeans to 'feed' materiallthrjugli Said preliminary ffu'rf nace-tn heat and ball up the same,- a subv vreceuetha graan an 'hot matetal from, Said 4Q preliminary; furnace and mea/Ils il@ .fDl-m. Erplpsiue mixture 0f 'Combustible .gas .and

'fair andto effect surface Qmbustilm hl'eqif vithin the hot. granular-materialin-said; su Penheatng ,furnace to .supenheat saldfmtef f CARLETON ELLIS@ Witnessem HARRY-L. 'DUNGAMG A JEssLE Bl KAY-,1; f 

